I would like to setup a RAID1 on two 8TB disks, possibly with encryption.
My questions are:
- Is following setup correct and how to fix the error.
- How to setup a disk encryption?
- What are encryption downsides? Do I have to enter password after each restart to mount disks, performance, data recovery issues or something different?
I used following commands for setup:
cfdisk /dev/sda
cfdisk /dev/sdb
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=mirror --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1
The last command crashes, ssh connection is closed and dmesg displays this:
[ 45.189850] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 2838187772)!
[ 45.199815] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted!
[ 45.261929] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 2838187772)!
[ 45.271920] EXT4-fs (sda1): group descriptors corrupted!
Full log
root@turris:~# dmesg
[ 6.238197] scsi host1: ahci
[ 6.241207] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m512@0xe0110000 port 0xe0110100 irq 120
[ 6.248621] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m512@0xe0110000 port 0xe0110180 irq 120
[ 6.800741] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[ 6.808452] ata1.00: ATA-9: ST8000AS0002-1NA17Z, AR17, max UDMA/133
[ 6.814741] ata1.00: 15628053168 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
[ 6.823298] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 6.827757] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST8000AS0002-1NA AR17 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 6.836278] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 15628053168 512-byte logical blocks: (8.00 TB/7.28 TiB)
[ 6.844139] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks
[ 6.849462] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[ 6.854274] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 6.854319] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 6.912629] sda: sda1
[ 6.915415] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[ 7.680746] ata2: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[ 8.201738] ata2.00: ATA-9: ST8000AS0002-1NA17Z, AR17, max UDMA/133
[ 8.208020] ata2.00: 15628053168 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
[ 8.216667] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 8.221120] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST8000AS0002-1NA AR17 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 8.229522] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 15628053168 512-byte logical blocks: (8.00 TB/7.28 TiB)
[ 8.237383] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
[ 8.242707] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 8.247511] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 8.247548] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 8.305106] sdb: sdb1
[ 8.307844] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[ 8.313055] ahci-mvebu f10a8000.sata: AHCI 0001.0000 32 slots 2 ports 6 Gbps 0x3 impl platform mode
[ 8.322155] ahci-mvebu f10a8000.sata: flags: 64bit ncq sntf led only pmp fbs pio slum part sxs
[ 8.331592] scsi host2: ahci-mvebu
[ 8.335160] scsi host3: ahci-mvebu
[ 8.338667] ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 mmio [mem 0xf10a8000-0xf10a9fff] port 0x100 irq 44
[ 8.346627] ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 mmio [mem 0xf10a8000-0xf10a9fff] port 0x180 irq 44
[ 8.700744] ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 8.706172] ata4: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 8.712616] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[ 8.719570] orion_wdt: Initial timeout 171 sec
[ 8.728049] xhci-hcd f10f0000.usb3: xHCI Host Controller
[ 8.733400] xhci-hcd f10f0000.usb3: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 8.741001] xhci-hcd f10f0000.usb3: hcc params 0x0a000990 hci version 0x100 quirks 0x00010010
[ 8.749566] xhci-hcd f10f0000.usb3: irq 46, io mem 0xf10f0000
[ 8.755599] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 8.759373] hub 2-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 8.763414] xhci-hcd f10f0000.usb3: xHCI Host Controller
[ 8.768743] xhci-hcd f10f0000.usb3: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[ 8.776300] usb usb3: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM.
[ 8.784644] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 8.788414] hub 3-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 8.792501] xhci-hcd f10f8000.usb3: xHCI Host Controller
[ 8.797833] xhci-hcd f10f8000.usb3: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
[ 8.805428] xhci-hcd f10f8000.usb3: hcc params 0x0a000990 hci version 0x100 quirks 0x00010010
[ 8.813993] xhci-hcd f10f8000.usb3: irq 47, io mem 0xf10f8000
[ 8.819984] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 8.823763] hub 4-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 8.827789] xhci-hcd f10f8000.usb3: xHCI Host Controller
[ 8.833123] xhci-hcd f10f8000.usb3: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5
[ 8.840653] usb usb5: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM.
[ 8.848980] hub 5-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 8.852754] hub 5-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[ 8.858126] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 9.664316] init: - preinit -
[ 12.715946] mount_root: mounting /dev/root
[ 12.720979] BTRFS info (device mmcblk0p1): disk space caching is enabled
[ 12.728142] mount_root: loading kmods from internal overlay
[ 13.120487] block: attempting to load /etc/config/fstab
[ 13.127528] block: extroot: not configured
[ 13.134066] procd: - early -
[ 13.255516] random: jshn urandom read with 64 bits of entropy available
[ 13.724234] procd: - watchdog -
[ 13.727630] procd: - ubus -
[ 14.732003] procd: - init -
[ 14.791846] marvell-cesa f1090000.crypto: CESA device successfully registered
[ 14.802502] NET: Registered protocol family 38
[ 14.821975] md: linear personality registered for level -1
[ 14.827858] md: raid0 personality registered for level 0
[ 14.834022] md: raid1 personality registered for level 1
[ 14.840353] md: raid10 personality registered for level 10
[ 14.846448] async_tx: api initialized (async)
[ 14.854402] md: raid6 personality registered for level 6
[ 14.859729] md: raid5 personality registered for level 5
[ 14.865086] md: raid4 personality registered for level 4
[ 14.872697] FS-Cache: Loaded
[ 14.876061] md: multipath personality registered for level -4
[ 14.883268] NET: Registered protocol family 8
[ 14.887636] NET: Registered protocol family 20
[ 14.896912] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.34.0-ioctl (2015-10-28) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
[ 14.907978] Key type dns_resolver registered
[ 14.916010] NET: Registered protocol family 33
[ 14.920468] Key type rxrpc registered
[ 14.924167] Key type rxrpc_s registered
[ 14.932186] kAFS: Red Hat AFS client v0.1 registering.
[ 14.937378] FS-Cache: Netfs 'afs' registered for caching
[ 14.979949] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 14.985918] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 14.990632] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 14.995362] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 15.006952] ntfs: driver 2.1.32 [Flags: R/O MODULE].
[ 15.017562] RxRPC: Registered security type 2 'rxkad'
[ 15.035142] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
[ 15.040209] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
[ 15.050717] sit: IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver
[ 15.056525] gre: GRE over IPv4 demultiplexor driver
[ 15.062210] ip_gre: GRE over IPv4 tunneling driver
[ 15.084009] Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
[ 15.092589] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[ 15.099310] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 15.111198] Loading modules backported from Linux version master-2015-12-03-0-g1677f62
[ 15.119136] Backport generated by backports.git backports-20151120-0-g906a6b3
[ 15.142535] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated:
[ 15.147700] cfg80211: DFS Master region: unset
[ 15.152083] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp), (dfs_cac_time)
[ 15.161867] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.169891] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz, 92000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.179310] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.187343] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 80000 KHz, 160000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.196858] cfg80211: (5250000 KHz - 5330000 KHz @ 80000 KHz, 160000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (0 s)
[ 15.206369] cfg80211: (5490000 KHz - 5730000 KHz @ 160000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (0 s)
[ 15.214482] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 80000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.222507] cfg80211: (57240000 KHz - 63720000 KHz @ 2160000 KHz), (N/A, 0 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.251457] u32 classifier
[ 15.254174] input device check on
[ 15.257841] Actions configured
[ 15.261856] Mirror/redirect action on
[ 15.270180] netem: version 1.3
[ 15.280399] fuse init (API version 7.23)
[ 15.297115] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_wdm
[ 15.306012] Ebtables v2.0 registered
[ 15.310967] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 15.322933] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (16384 buckets, 65536 max)
[ 15.514275] Netfilter messages via NETLINK v0.30.
[ 15.519842] PPP MPPE Compression module registered
[ 15.525197] NET: Registered protocol family 24
[ 15.533222] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-alauda
[ 15.539994] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-cypress
[ 15.546933] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-datafab
[ 15.553753] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-freecom
[ 15.560623] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-isd200
[ 15.567559] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-jumpshot
[ 15.574514] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-karma
[ 15.581554] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-sddr09
[ 15.588372] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-sddr55
[ 15.595334] usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-usbat
[ 15.607221] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
[ 15.613129] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic
[ 15.619697] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for generic
[ 15.630378] xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000
[ 15.648592] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether
[ 15.658836] ctnetlink v0.93: registering with nfnetlink.
[ 15.667767] usbcore: registered new interface driver qmi_wwan
[ 15.674692] usbcore: registered new interface driver rndis_host
[ 15.689165] pci 0000:00:01.0: enabling device (0140 -> 0142)
[ 15.781792] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x0
[ 15.781797] ath: EEPROM indicates default country code should be used
[ 15.781799] ath: doing EEPROM country->regdmn map search
[ 15.781803] ath: country maps to regdmn code: 0x3a
[ 15.781806] ath: Country alpha2 being used: US
[ 15.781808] ath: Regpair used: 0x3a
[ 15.793662] ieee80211 phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'minstrel_ht'
[ 15.794684] ieee80211 phy0: Atheros AR9287 Rev:2 mem=0xf17a0000, irq=108
[ 15.801628] cfg80211: Regulatory domain changed to country: US
[ 15.807479] cfg80211: DFS Master region: FCC
[ 15.811705] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp), (dfs_cac_time)
[ 15.821493] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2467000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 3000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.829517] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 80000 KHz, 160000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2300 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.839031] cfg80211: (5250000 KHz - 5330000 KHz @ 80000 KHz, 160000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2300 mBm), (0 s)
[ 15.848544] cfg80211: (5490000 KHz - 5730000 KHz @ 160000 KHz), (N/A, 2300 mBm), (0 s)
[ 15.856662] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 80000 KHz), (N/A, 3000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.864693] cfg80211: (57240000 KHz - 63720000 KHz @ 2160000 KHz), (N/A, 4000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 15.873746] usbcore: registered new interface driver option
[ 15.879366] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for GSM modem (1-port)
[ 15.887105] usbcore: registered new interface driver qcserial
[ 15.892927] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for Qualcomm USB modem
[ 19.976753] random: nonblocking pool is initialized
[ 24.151351] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
[ 24.232435] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth1: link is not ready
[ 24.235990] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth2: link is not ready
[ 25.775051] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode
[ 25.775968] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): br-lan: link is not ready
[ 25.792018] device eth2 entered promiscuous mode
[ 25.872514] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth1: link is not ready
[ 26.072787] cfg80211: Regulatory domain changed to country: CZ
[ 26.072795] cfg80211: DFS Master region: ETSI
[ 26.072798] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp), (dfs_cac_time)
[ 26.072804] cfg80211: (2400000 KHz - 2483000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 26.072809] cfg80211: (5150000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 80000 KHz, 200000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2300 mBm), (N/A)
[ 26.072814] cfg80211: (5250000 KHz - 5350000 KHz @ 80000 KHz, 200000 KHz AUTO), (N/A, 2000 mBm), (0 s)
[ 26.072819] cfg80211: (5470000 KHz - 5725000 KHz @ 160000 KHz), (N/A, 2700 mBm), (0 s)
[ 26.072823] cfg80211: (57000000 KHz - 66000000 KHz @ 2160000 KHz), (N/A, 4000 mBm), (N/A)
[ 27.164388] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready
[ 27.165345] device wlan0 entered promiscuous mode
[ 27.230002] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready
[ 27.230066] br-lan: port 3(wlan0) entered forwarding state
[ 27.230084] br-lan: port 3(wlan0) entered forwarding state
[ 27.230137] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br-lan: link becomes ready
[ 27.770757] mvneta f1030000.ethernet eth0: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control off
[ 27.770784] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered forwarding state
[ 27.770806] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered forwarding state
[ 27.790744] mvneta f1070000.ethernet eth2: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control off
[ 27.790762] br-lan: port 2(eth2) entered forwarding state
[ 27.790781] br-lan: port 2(eth2) entered forwarding state
[ 28.871156] mvneta f1034000.ethernet eth1: Link is Up - 100Mbps/Full - flow control off
[ 28.871173] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth1: link becomes ready
[ 29.220733] br-lan: port 3(wlan0) entered forwarding state
[ 29.770738] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered forwarding state
[ 29.790729] br-lan: port 2(eth2) entered forwarding state
[ 45.189850] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 2838187772)!
[ 45.199815] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted!
[ 45.261929] EXT4-fs (sda1): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 2838187772)!
[ 45.271920] EXT4-fs (sda1): group descriptors corrupted!
[ 80.105950] nf_conntrack: automatic helper assignment is deprecated and it will be removed soon. Use the iptables CT target to attach helpers instead.